About Allergies
Definition of Atopy
Atopy refers to a genetic tendency to develop allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma) and heightened IgE-mediated responses (Hypersensitivity).
The Atopic Triangle
Allergic conditions actually exist as a group of atopic disorders. A person with atopy typically presents with one or more of the following conditions – eczema (atopic dermatitis), allergic rhinitis (hay fever) or allergic asthma.
• Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is an itchy, inflammatory condition of the skin often manifesting in childhood although it can occur at any age. Atopic dermatitis is chronic condition with periods of flare-ups and remission.
• Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose, which occurs when the immune system over reacts to allergens in the air. Signs and symptoms include an itchy, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, and watery eyes. Allergic rhinitis is often called sinusitis although sinusitis in more specific terms refer to the inflammation of the sinus mucosa.
• Asthma is a respiratory condition marked by inflammatory spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing.
The Atopic March
The Atopic March or also known as the Allergic March, refers to the natural history or typical progression of allergic diseases that often begin early in life.
“In a study following infants with atopic dermatitis up to age 7 years found that while eczema had improved in 82 of the 94 children (87%), 45% had developed allergic rhinitis and 43% asthma.”
Source: Gustafsson D, Sjöberg O, Foucard T. Development of allergies and asthma in infants and young children with atopic dermatitis–a prospective follow-up to 7 years of age. Allergy. 2000;55:240–245.